Resilient spiral washer and maksng of the same



(No Model.)

' H. A. HARVEY; RESILIENT SPIRAL WASHER AND MAKING OF THE SAME. No.464,301. Patented Dec. 1, 1891.

Fries.

l-lAY't ARD A. HARVEY, GF ORANGE, NEW JERSEY.-

RESIL-lENT SPIRAL WASHER AND MAKlNG OF THE SAME.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 464,301, dated December1, 1891.

Application filed September 16, 1391- Serial No. 405,886. (No model.)

To all wlwm. it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HAYWARD A. HARVEY, of Orange, New Jersey, haveinvented certain lmprovementsin Resilient Spiral Vvashers and in the Artof Manufacturing the Same, of which the following is a specification.

This invention embraces a resilient spiral washer the peculiarity ofwhich is that it is provided with ratchet-shaped teeth which may or maynot be notched and which extend at intervals across either or both ofits faces in directions which are approximately tangential toa circle ofnearly the same diameter as the inside diameter of the spiral.

The invention also embraces the method of manufacturing such 'washers,which consists in first rolling the rod of which the washers are to bemade in rolls, the last pass of which is adapted to form teeth of thedesired shape, extending at intervals diagonallyacross one or both sidesof the rod; secondly, in so winding the rod spirally that when itsconvolutions are severed from each other to form washers the teeth willbe presented upon one face or upon both faces'of each washer, as thecase may be, and, finally, in hardening and tempering the washers in theusual manner.

The accompanying drawings illustrating the invention are as follows.

Figure l is an isometrical perspective of a portion of a quadrangularbar of steel having formed diagonally across two of its sides series ofratchet-shaped teeth. Fig. 2 is an isometrical perspective of a portionof a bar, illustrating a modification in which the middle portion ofeach diagonal tooth is hollowed out, thus leaving two pointed teeth,respectively, at-the oppps'ite edges of the bar. Fig. 3 is an elevationof a spiral washer made from a quadrangular barlike that represented inFig. 1. Fig. 4. is a face view of the washer represented in elevation inFig. 3. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of a bolt and nut, showing theapplication of the washer.

The washera represented in the drawings is composed of a singleconvolution of a spiral of suitable pitch, provided with a series I) ofratchet-shaped teeth upon that one of its faces intended for impactagainst the nut c, and with a similar series I) of ratchwashers are tobe made.

et-shapcd teeth upon that one of its faces intended for impact againstthe object (I, through which the bolt e is inserted. The teeth areoriginally formed in the final pass of the rolls which roll the rod A ofwhich the As will be seen on referring to Fig. 1, the teeth are at firststraight and extend diagonally across the rod. When two series of teethare employed, the

- diagonal direction of the series B upon one face of the rod A isopposite the diagonal direction of the series B upon the other face ofthe rod A. The effect of winding the bar A is to upset themetal upon theconcave side and to elongate it upon the convex side. This transformsthe straight ratchet or chisel shaped teeth originally formed upon thebar A into the curved ratchet or gouge shaped teeth represented in Fig.4.

In use the nut when being screwed home draws from the heels toward theapices of the teeth and compresses all parts of the spiral washer intothe same-plane. The unscrewing of the nut is resisted by the apices ofthe teeth, which, by the resilience of the washer, are given a' tendencyto forcibly impinge theface-of the washer with which they are incontact. As the unscrewing operation continues, the teeth I), owing totheir tangen-.

tial position, deliver a drawing cut upon the face of the nut.Similarly, if the washer partakes of the unscrewing rotary movement ofthe nut, the teeth I) tend to impinge into and deliver a drawing outupon the face of the object at, through which the bolt is inserted.These tendencies effectually prevent the nut from being jarred looseafter it has been screwed home upon the washer.

While it is to be understood that the in-- vention is present if eitherface of the washer is provided with the described teeth, it is preferredto provide the described teeth upon both faces of the washer. derstoodthat while the teeth may he hollowed out or notched, as illustrated inFig. 2, without departing from the invention, it is'preferred to makethem of uniform height from end to end, as illustrated in the otherfigures.

iVhat is claimed as the invention is- 1. A resilient spiral washerprovided with It is also to be un--.

ratchet-shaped teeth extending at intervals across one or both of itsfaces in directions approximately tangential to a circle of nearly thesame diameter as the inside diameter of the spiral 2. The method ofmanufacturing the hereindescribed spire Washer, which consists inrolling diagonal ratchet-shaped teeth 11 pen the 1 rod from which thewashers are to be made, and then Winding the rod spirally, as set forth,to and severing, hardening, and tempering the convolutions of the spiralin the usual manner.

HAYWARD A. HARVEY. Witnesses:

E. GATTERER, M. L. ADAMS.

